Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	10
Number of observations	2159
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	1
Duplicate rows (%)	< 0.1%
Total size in memory	168.8 KiB
Average record size in memory	80.1 B

Variable types

Numeric	10

Alerts

Dataset has 1 (< 0.1%) duplicate rows	Duplicates
`SBP` is highly correlated with `DBP`	High correlation
`DBP` is highly correlated with `SBP` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`HR` is highly correlated with `DBP`	High correlation
`SBP` is highly correlated with `DBP`	High correlation
`DBP` is highly correlated with `SBP` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`HR` is highly correlated with `DBP`	High correlation
`Gage` is highly correlated with `HR`	High correlation
`SBP` is highly correlated with `DBP`	High correlation
`DBP` is highly correlated with `SBP` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`HR` is highly correlated with `Gage` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`RR` is highly correlated with `HR`	High correlation
`Parity` has 279 (12.9%) zeros	Zeros
`Totalrisk` has 60 (2.8%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2022-02-27 16:47:42.700897
Analysis finished	2022-02-27 16:48:19.261202
Duration	36.56 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v3.1.0
Download configuration	config.json

Age
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	219
Distinct (%)	10.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	29.6488189

Minimum	15
Maximum	47.5
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	15
5-th percentile	21
Q1	25
median	30
Q3	33.7
95-th percentile	38.1
Maximum	47.5
Range	32.5
Interquartile range (IQR)	8.7

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	5.426592474
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1830289595
Kurtosis	-0.6275456604
Mean	29.6488189
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	4
Skewness	0.03710818114
Sum	64011.8
Variance	29.44790588
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
25	141	6.5%
30	106	4.9%
22	104	4.8%
31	100	4.6%
28	99	4.6%
29	97	4.5%
26	94	4.4%
27	92	4.3%
33	89	4.1%
21	86	4.0%
Other values (209)	1151	53.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
15	1	< 0.1%
16	1	< 0.1%
17	8	0.4%
18	15	0.7%
18.1	1	< 0.1%
19	17	0.8%
20	12	0.6%
21	86	4.0%
21.5	1	< 0.1%
21.8	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
47.5	1	< 0.1%
45	1	< 0.1%
44.4	1	< 0.1%
44.3	1	< 0.1%
44	2	0.1%
43	3	0.1%
42.9	1	< 0.1%
42.6	2	0.1%
42.5	1	< 0.1%
42	2	0.1%

Gage
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	300
Distinct (%)	13.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	29.5132339

Minimum	3
Maximum	43
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	3
5-th percentile	12
Q1	28
median	29
Q3	34
95-th percentile	40
Maximum	43
Range	40
Interquartile range (IQR)	6

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	7.81044186
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2646420208
Kurtosis	1.234766717
Mean	29.5132339
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3
Skewness	-0.9695730472
Sum	63719.072
Variance	61.00300205
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
40	145	6.7%
28	127	5.9%
34	114	5.3%
39	100	4.6%
28.29	82	3.8%
32	82	3.8%
28.43	79	3.7%
33	77	3.6%
28.14	76	3.5%
30	73	3.4%
Other values (290)	1204	55.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	1	< 0.1%
4	2	0.1%
5	4	0.2%
6	19	0.9%
6.2	1	< 0.1%
6.5	1	< 0.1%
6.6	1	< 0.1%
7	15	0.7%
7.3	1	< 0.1%
7.5	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
43	1	< 0.1%
42	15	0.7%
41.29	1	< 0.1%
41	71	3.3%
40	145	6.7%
39.57	2	0.1%
39	100	4.6%
38.9	1	< 0.1%
38.86	2	0.1%
38.71	2	0.1%

BMI
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	1087
Distinct (%)	50.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	26.80223529

Minimum	15.73
Maximum	67.1
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	15.73
5-th percentile	19.3994
Q1	22.1
median	25.21
Q3	30.029
95-th percentile	39.4
Maximum	67.1
Range	51.37
Interquartile range (IQR)	7.929

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.450755113
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2406797434
Kurtosis	2.331661607
Mean	26.80223529
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3.59
Skewness	1.315603529
Sum	57866.026
Variance	41.61224152
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
31.6	12	0.6%
24.22	10	0.5%
21.3	10	0.5%
28.7	9	0.4%
21.62	9	0.4%
32.4	9	0.4%
30.8	9	0.4%
20.83	9	0.4%
32	9	0.4%
33.2	8	0.4%
Other values (1077)	2065	95.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
15.73	1	< 0.1%
15.81	1	< 0.1%
16.16	1	< 0.1%
16.33	1	< 0.1%
16.59	1	< 0.1%
16.61	1	< 0.1%
16.69	1	< 0.1%
16.77	1	< 0.1%
16.98	1	< 0.1%
17.04	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
67.1	1	< 0.1%
59.4	1	< 0.1%
57.3	1	< 0.1%
56.07	1	< 0.1%
55.36	1	< 0.1%
55	1	< 0.1%
53.4	1	< 0.1%
53.2	1	< 0.1%
52.9	1	< 0.1%
52.3	2	0.1%

SBP
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	461
Distinct (%)	21.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	116.5582856

Minimum	44
Maximum	199
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	44
5-th percentile	89
Q1	105
median	114.3
Q3	126
95-th percentile	153
Maximum	199
Range	155
Interquartile range (IQR)	21

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.53289841
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1675805225
Kurtosis	2.101843075
Mean	116.5582856
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	10.7
Skewness	0.9117280779
Sum	251649.3387
Variance	381.5341205
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
120	54	2.5%
109	52	2.4%
110	51	2.4%
107	48	2.2%
111	47	2.2%
112	45	2.1%
113	42	1.9%
114	42	1.9%
108	40	1.9%
105	39	1.8%
Other values (451)	1699	78.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
44	1	< 0.1%
56	1	< 0.1%
68	2	0.1%
69.56	1	< 0.1%
71	4	0.2%
72	1	< 0.1%
73	3	0.1%
74	4	0.2%
75	2	0.1%
75.8	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
199	1	< 0.1%
198	1	< 0.1%
197	2	0.1%
196	1	< 0.1%
195	1	< 0.1%
193	2	0.1%
191	1	< 0.1%
190	1	< 0.1%
189	2	0.1%
188	1	< 0.1%

DBP
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	409
Distinct (%)	18.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	71.23946596

Minimum	10
Maximum	122
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	10
5-th percentile	54
Q1	63
median	70
Q3	78.8
95-th percentile	92
Maximum	122
Range	112
Interquartile range (IQR)	15.8

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	11.93508321
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1675347092
Kurtosis	0.9979576917
Mean	71.23946596
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	8
Skewness	0.3940799302
Sum	153806.007
Variance	142.4462113
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
70	124	5.7%
64	81	3.8%
74	78	3.6%
68	69	3.2%
60	69	3.2%
80	67	3.1%
62	67	3.1%
72	66	3.1%
66	65	3.0%
65	59	2.7%
Other values (399)	1414	65.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	1	< 0.1%
24	1	< 0.1%
30	2	0.1%
34.95	1	< 0.1%
38	1	< 0.1%
39.7	1	< 0.1%
40	1	< 0.1%
40.53	1	< 0.1%
44	5	0.2%
44.2	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
122	1	< 0.1%
120	1	< 0.1%
116	1	< 0.1%
110	13	0.6%
108	1	< 0.1%
104.3	1	< 0.1%
103.3	1	< 0.1%
103	1	< 0.1%
102	2	0.1%
100.83	1	< 0.1%

HR
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	1146
Distinct (%)	53.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	82.82566744

Minimum	53.1
Maximum	105.37
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	53.1
5-th percentile	72.0686
Q1	78.402
median	83.008
Q3	88.42
95-th percentile	91.8508
Maximum	105.37
Range	52.27
Interquartile range (IQR)	10.018

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.27127829
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.07571660434
Kurtosis	-0.1556874156
Mean	82.82566744
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	4.918
Skewness	-0.3076240387
Sum	178820.616
Variance	39.32893139
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
89.206	63	2.9%
90.874	42	1.9%
89.674	29	1.3%
90.498	29	1.3%
92.31	28	1.3%
83.008	18	0.8%
90.304	16	0.7%
89.618	15	0.7%
90.352	14	0.6%
89.574	13	0.6%
Other values (1136)	1892	87.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
53.1	1	< 0.1%
61.57	1	< 0.1%
63.67	1	< 0.1%
63.82	1	< 0.1%
63.98	1	< 0.1%
64.76	1	< 0.1%
65.37	1	< 0.1%
65.982	1	< 0.1%
66.17	1	< 0.1%
66.38	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105.37	1	< 0.1%
102.92	1	< 0.1%
101.48	1	< 0.1%
99.21	1	< 0.1%
98	1	< 0.1%
96.46	1	< 0.1%
96.23	1	< 0.1%
95.75	1	< 0.1%
95.64	1	< 0.1%
95.406	1	< 0.1%

RR
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	991
Distinct (%)	45.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	18.75278184

Minimum	11.77
Maximum	25.64
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	11.77
5-th percentile	16.7572
Q1	17.998
median	18.69
Q3	19.52
95-th percentile	20.9612
Maximum	25.64
Range	13.87
Interquartile range (IQR)	1.522

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.36514202
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.0727967739
Kurtosis	2.268556758
Mean	18.75278184
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.758
Skewness	-0.06571126201
Sum	40487.256
Variance	1.863612734
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
18.18	69	3.2%
18.058	42	1.9%
19.392	32	1.5%
18.622	29	1.3%
17.936	29	1.3%
19.762	18	0.8%
18.072	17	0.8%
16.86	15	0.7%
18.118	14	0.6%
17.92	13	0.6%
Other values (981)	1881	87.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
11.77	1	< 0.1%
12.09	1	< 0.1%
12.27	1	< 0.1%
12.41	1	< 0.1%
12.64	1	< 0.1%
13.2	1	< 0.1%
13.37	1	< 0.1%
13.4	1	< 0.1%
13.59	1	< 0.1%
14.21	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
25.64	1	< 0.1%
24.45	1	< 0.1%
23.97	1	< 0.1%
23.9	1	< 0.1%
23.35	1	< 0.1%
23.22	1	< 0.1%
23.19	1	< 0.1%
23.18	1	< 0.1%
22.95	1	< 0.1%
22.818	2	0.1%

Parity
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	27
Distinct (%)	1.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	1.774339972

Minimum	0
Maximum	12
Zeros	279
Zeros (%)	12.9%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	2
95-th percentile	5
Maximum	12
Range	12
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.529720763
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8621350966
Kurtosis	5.799033421
Mean	1.774339972
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	1.96338727
Sum	3830.8
Variance	2.340045614
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=27)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	811	37.6%
2	497	23.0%
0	279	12.9%
3	210	9.7%
4	103	4.8%
5	51	2.4%
6	25	1.2%
1.4	23	1.1%
1.2	21	1.0%
7	19	0.9%
Other values (17)	120	5.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	279	12.9%
0.2	4	0.2%
0.4	5	0.2%
0.6	3	0.1%
0.8	12	0.6%
1	811	37.6%
1.2	21	1.0%
1.4	23	1.1%
1.6	17	0.8%
1.8	18	0.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
12	1	< 0.1%
11	1	< 0.1%
10	2	0.1%
9	9	0.4%
8	12	0.6%
7	19	0.9%
6	25	1.2%
5	51	2.4%
4	103	4.8%
3.6	2	0.1%

GDM
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	265
Distinct (%)	12.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	77.76462251

Minimum	48.6
Maximum	147.6
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	48.6
5-th percentile	70.2
Q1	74.16
median	77.4
Q3	80.36
95-th percentile	87.12
Maximum	147.6
Range	99
Interquartile range (IQR)	6.2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.147772605
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.07905616213
Kurtosis	18.02880582
Mean	77.76462251
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3.24
Skewness	2.309258145
Sum	167893.82
Variance	37.795108
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
73.8	114	5.3%
75.6	109	5.0%
79.2	104	4.8%
77.4	96	4.4%
72	72	3.3%
81	69	3.2%
76.32	53	2.5%
78.12	48	2.2%
82.8	46	2.1%
77.04	44	2.0%
Other values (255)	1404	65.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
48.6	1	< 0.1%
59.4	1	< 0.1%
60	1	< 0.1%
61.2	2	0.1%
62	2	0.1%
63	6	0.3%
64	1	< 0.1%
64.8	10	0.5%
65	1	< 0.1%
66	3	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
147.6	1	< 0.1%
140.4	1	< 0.1%
129.6	1	< 0.1%
115.2	1	< 0.1%
114	1	< 0.1%
111.6	1	< 0.1%
109.8	1	< 0.1%
109	1	< 0.1%
106.2	1	< 0.1%
104.4	2	0.1%

Totalrisk
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	6
Distinct (%)	0.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2.111162575

Minimum	0
Maximum	5
Zeros	60
Zeros (%)	2.8%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	17.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1
Q1	1
median	2
Q3	3
95-th percentile	4
Maximum	5
Range	5
Interquartile range (IQR)	2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.022300233
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4842356744
Kurtosis	-0.3832023649
Mean	2.111162575
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	0.3259905181
Sum	4558
Variance	1.045097767
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=6)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	802	37.1%
1	587	27.2%
3	490	22.7%
4	203	9.4%
0	60	2.8%
5	17	0.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	60	2.8%
1	587	27.2%
2	802	37.1%
3	490	22.7%
4	203	9.4%
5	17	0.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5	17	0.8%
4	203	9.4%
3	490	22.7%
2	802	37.1%
1	587	27.2%
0	60	2.8%

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	Age	Gage	BMI	SBP	DBP	HR	RR	Parity	GDM	Totalrisk
0	38.0	12.43	21.88	109.05	73.06	81.88	20.28	2.2	79.80	2
1	37.0	11.57	25.51	112.25	72.03	77.89	23.97	3.6	77.80	3
2	25.0	12.86	22.58	88.48	51.17	77.52	20.48	2.0	77.32	3
3	34.0	11.86	21.30	98.62	58.19	89.44	15.87	2.0	77.00	1
4	32.0	11.57	24.91	113.20	61.46	73.10	22.48	1.6	77.20	1
5	25.0	12.43	23.53	101.48	61.39	61.57	18.22	1.6	83.40	2
6	33.0	12.14	18.94	94.98	60.56	86.78	20.15	1.6	74.88	1
7	28.0	13.14	24.58	116.98	74.56	74.57	19.65	1.6	76.20	1
8	30.0	12.57	22.66	98.79	60.18	76.18	19.79	1.8	79.80	1
9	33.0	12.00	23.15	105.46	63.85	65.37	18.83	3.4	76.32	1

Last rows

	Age	Gage	BMI	SBP	DBP	HR	RR	Parity	GDM	Totalrisk
2149	25.0	34.0	26.0	108.0	62.0	83.054	17.394	3.0	78.12	3
2150	26.0	29.0	43.3	181.0	88.0	90.498	17.936	0.0	80.36	3
2151	37.0	33.0	36.5	128.0	88.0	90.754	16.406	1.0	78.48	3
2152	39.0	28.0	32.0	137.0	90.0	90.086	17.302	7.0	80.28	3
2153	26.0	32.0	37.5	106.0	76.0	80.718	18.292	1.0	80.28	2
2154	22.0	25.0	28.4	88.0	58.0	83.560	19.116	2.0	76.32	2
2155	33.0	28.0	22.5	89.0	62.0	88.284	16.228	1.0	75.96	3
2156	27.0	31.0	36.8	122.0	70.0	80.294	20.378	2.0	90.36	2
2157	30.0	34.0	26.2	121.0	72.0	86.616	20.182	5.0	75.60	2
2158	23.0	25.0	30.4	93.0	70.0	86.582	19.246	1.0	77.40	2

Most frequently occurring

	Age	Gage	BMI	SBP	DBP	HR	RR	Parity	GDM	Totalrisk	# duplicates
0	22.0	31.0	31.96	110.0	70.0	81.45	16.862	1.0	75.6	2	2

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Spearman's ρ

Pearson's r

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows

Duplicate rows

Most frequently occurring